Tipu Sultan : life introduction- History

Tipu Sultan was born on November 20, 1750 from Devanahalli (Yousafabad, Bangalore), Karnataka, about 33 (21 miles north). His full name was Sultan Fateh Ali Khan Shahab. His father's name was Hyder Ali and mother's name was Faqrunnisa. His father Hyder Ali was the Sainapati of the Kingdom of Mysore, who by his own strength became the ruler of the Kingdom of Mysore in 1761. Tipu is known as the lion of Mysore. Apart from a worthy ruler, Tipu was also a scholar, skilled scholar and poet. 

Hyder Ali's demise and Tipu Sultan's reign in the late 18th century is a major event in Mysore. With the arrival of Tipu Sultan, the British imperialist policy reached a tremendous foundation, where on the one hand the Company Government was expanding its nascent British Empire. While trying, Tipu on the other hand, with his valor and diplomacy, had a firm vow to protect Mysore. In fact, in the late 18th century, Tipu was a great ruler who tried to expel the British from India. Tipu Sultan ascended the throne of Mysore in 1782 after his father Hyder Ali. 

Like his father, he was a highly skilled commander and a clever diplomat. That is why he always wanted to avenge the defeat of his father from the British, the British were quite afraid of him. The British used to see a picture of Napoleon in the shape of Tipu. He was a master of many languages, he started taking administrative troops and warfare during his father's time, but his greatest demise led to his defeat. He relied heavily on the Franciscans and considered the powers of the native kings as detestable. He was as autocratic and independent as his father, but still cared for the sufferings of the subjects. Thus, the farmers were happy during his reign. He was a staunch and a devout Muslim, he used to look at Hindus and Muslims with one eye.

Scholars differ greatly regarding his character. 2 Various British scholars have criticized him, calling him tyrannical and righteous. According to history, Hyder rarely did any mistake and Tipu Sultan hardly did any work. There is a saying in Mysore that Hyder was born to establish an empire. And Tipu is one of the few scholars who have praised Tipu's character for losing him. 

Tipu Sultan presented gifts to Hindu temples. The temple at Melkot contains gold and silver utensils, whose inscriptions state that these were gifts by Tipu. Had presented four silver cups to the Lakshmikant temple at Kalale. Between 1782 and 1799, Tipu Sultan issued 34 charities to his manor temples. Many of these presented silver and gold plate gifts. There is a gem-studded cup given by Tipu in the Srikanteshwara temple in Nanjangud. Tipu presented a green Shivling to the Nanjundeshwar temple of Nanjangud. Tipu presented seven silver cups and a silver camphor-flame to Srirangam (Ranganath Temple) of Srirangapatna.

Third Mysore War: 

The drama of Mangalore war could not end with the treaty of Mangalore, both sides did not consider this treat to be permanent, in 1786 AD Lord Cornwallis became the Governor General of India,he was not empowered to interfere in the internal affairs of the but that Seeing the situation at the time, he had to intervene as Tipu Sultan was his enemy at that time, so the British made an alliance with the Nizam to strengthen their position, but Tipu also extended his hands to befriend the Franciscans. Wanted to establish major. Cornwallis knew that his war with Tipu was inevitable. And so he wanted to establish friendship with great powers. He entered into a joint front against Tipu with the Nizam and the Marathas and after that he declared war against Tipu, thus the Third Mysore War started. This war lasted for two years, initially the British failed but in the end It was won. In March 1792, Tipu's war with Sri Rangapatya ended, Tipu gave half of his kingdom and 30 lakh ponds to the British, the largest part of it got to the Nizam, the territory between the river Krishna Ta Pand. 

The Marathas also got some share which led to the border of their kingdom to Tangbhadra, the remaining parts were kept by the British. Tipu Sultan gave his two Pugas as Carnatic to the Carnavalis. This defeat caused the Tipu Sultan to take heavy blows from them. The state company was surrounded by the state and their contact with the sea was broken. Critics say that the Carnavalis made haste to make the treaty and that by not keeping Tipu's full abode that if he had crushed Tipu's power, there would not have been a fourth Mysore War in the future, but in fact the Carnavalis did not do so by showing their vision. At that time, the English army was sick and there was a possibility of war between England and France in Europe, in such a situation, the Tipu could take help of the French, if the whole state was merged with the British, then the Marathas and Nizams too. The purpose of Cornwallis was that the power of Tipu be exhausted and that the company's friends could not become powerful, so he tried to crush Tipu's power without making his friends powerful.

Fourth British Mysore War: 

Tipu Sultan was deeply saddened by this humiliating treaty and because of his infamy he wanted to overcome the British and nature gave him such an opportunity but fate did not support Tipu. At this time war was going on in England and France. Tipu sent his coronation to various countries to benefit from the situation. He provided various types of facilities in his kingdom to the French officers of his military organization and he assisted against the British that in April 1798 AD some French Tipu As a result, conflict between the British and Tipu became necessary. At this time Lord Wellesley was appointed Governor General of Bengal. He decided to crush Tipu's power against Tipu. He succeeded in tying up with the Nizam and the Marathas to try to unite the Nizam, but the Marathas did not give a clear answer. In 1798, Wellesley entered into an alliance with the Nizam and this Announced that 

some part of the conquered territories should also be given to the Marathas. With full preparation, Wellejali attacked Mysore, thus the fourth war of Mysore started. 

Tipu Sultan was a good warrior from the beginning. By the end, the British died in Mysore while fighting, thus the Muslim power that had emerged in Mysore 33 years ago did not just end, but the drama of the British Mysore war ended. Mysore, which had been the enemy of the progress of the British for 33 consecutive years, now came under the control of the British, the British and the Nizam got the partition of Mysore, the British got some part and the Nizam's right was accepted on some of the Marathas too. Some territories were given in the northwest but he refused to take the remaining Mysore state was given to a minor boy of the old Hindu dynasty of Mysore and with him a treaty that according to this treaty, the security of Mysore was put on the British. The British army was stationed there and the king of Mysore agreed to pay for the army. The British benefited greatly from this policy, the kingdom of Mysore became very small and the enemy came to an end, the power of the company increased considerably, he returned the part of the Marathas and as a result, Mysore was surrounded by the British state from all around. Raised in the future, which greatly assisted in the development of British power and one day he established his suzerainty over the whole of India.